https://www.klowes.co.uk/blog daily 0.75 2024-12-09 https://www.klowes.co.uk/blog/blog-post-title-one-wkkjs-3jybw monthly 0.5 2024-12-09 https://www.klowes.co.uk/blog/blog-post-title-one-wkkjs monthly 0.5 2024-12-09 https://www.klowes.co.uk/contact daily 0.75 2024-11-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/traces daily 0.75 2025-07-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/bfbbadfc-07fd-4241-964e-df69a56f84ad/rock+1.png traces This slag from Blast Beach has a skin of iron oxide only a few hundred nanometres thick. It holds no blue or purple pigment. The colours come from light reflecting within that thin film, like oil on water. Blast Beach, Seaham, Co.Durham, 2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/457ee15b-ed40-4ab3-bdb4-8a42db0c7aea/Rock-3.gif traces Bubbles frozen in furnace slag, now crusted with rust and ochre as iron and acid mine water keep reworking this shore. A hundred and fifty years on, the chemistry is still going. Hawthron Hive, Easington, Co.Durham, 2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/fcd7d020-3889-4476-9f67-2e446587b85b/Rock+2.jpg traces The blue is glass, formed when molten slag from the Victorian ironworks at Nose’s Point was tipped into the sea. The orange is iron oxyhydroxide, or “yellow boy,” left by water draining through the region’s old coal workings. Two industries meet on one surface: the fire of the furnace and the slow chemistry of the mine. Hawthorn Hive, Easington, Co.Durham, 2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/cdc28f4f-c92e-4c70-af04-cbb8e872e739/BB6.jpg traces Grains of quartz glitter through red and ochre iron oxides in a stone from Blast Beach, Seaham. The swirling bands formed as iron-rich fluids moved through the rock and settled out in waves, a chemical tide line frozen in stone. The colour may be ancient, from the Permian desert that once baked this coast, or recent, from the fires of the colliery spoil heaps dumped on the shore. Either way, it’s iron that tells the story. Blast Beach, Easington, Co.Durham, 2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/95cbcfd7-abf0-4428-b69f-ff777c693b8a/BB16.png traces Iron-rich furnace waste, slowly rusting back toward the ore it came from. Hawthorn Hive, Easington, Co Durham, 2003 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/d0998223-ec25-4abc-a071-029aceaf88f7/Old-Wounds.gif traces In this wound on a planted conifer, we witness both trauma and healing made visible. The tree’s response to injury has created an abstract landscape of resin flows and color transitions - amber, ochre, and deep burgundy bleeding into patterns that speak of both damage and recovery. This scar is a map of resilience, where crystallised sap forms topographies of healing. There’s profound irony here: these conifers, planted to quickly hide industrial scars, carry their own wounds and healing processes. Like the land itself, like the mining communities who worked it, these marks tell stories of both injury and survival. The tree’s slow repair, its patient laying down of resin barriers year after year, offers a different testimony about recovery - one that doesn’t hide its wounds but transforms them into something both protective and beautiful. This is how genuine healing often looks: not a complete erasure of what happened, but an honest incorporation of damage into new forms of being. Havannah Nature Reserve, Newcastle upon Tyne, 2024 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/2422bd4a-20bd-46c2-83c7-78f7b440acd9/bark.png traces Years after felling, this tree’s wood has been bleached silver by sunlight and stained by fungi, revealing the twisting grain where it once grew around knots and branches. Decay draws its own map. Havannah Nature Reserve, Newcastle upon Tyne, 2024 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3438de82-dd11-44a1-a266-493e77ef63ba/Bark-2.gif traces Conifer bark, its wounds sealed in white, crystallized resin. Wheatley Hill 'Pit' Pond, Co Durham, 2024 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/41a644d5-fcca-4230-b243-995d025a714a/BB1.jpg traces A close-up of stone from Blast Beach, Seaham, where colliery waste was once dumped onto the shore. The pale sandstone has been darkened by carbon from coal waste, worked into its pores and cracks by the tide, while tiny flecks of orange mark iron grains slowly rusting. The marks aren’t geological in the usual sense; they’re a record of what was poured onto this coast. Blast Berach, Seaham, Co Durham, 2023 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/18e59a95-8c73-4a04-9822-d1d65ca63429/BB3.jpg traces Stone or slag? Pitted and swirled, from a beach built of both Seaham, Co Durham, 2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a3ff495f-0c2f-4969-9fc6-64209d8ad902/Rock-4.gif traces Dark, carbon-rich rock from the Durham coal seams, dumped on Blast Beach as colliery waste. Hidden pyrite in its layers reacts with air and water to form sulfuric acid and iron, which seeps out as orange ochre. This chemistry is the source of the ‘yellow boy’ that stains this coast. Blast Beach, Seaham, Co Durham, 2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/00267292-87ca-4f23-a1ef-ababcee6e77b/BB12.png traces Iron-rich stone or slag, rusted dark, crossed by a band of white mineral crust. It may be gypsum, left where sulfate-laden mine water met calcium, or salt and shell from the sea. On Blast Beach, the industry and the tide write over each other. Blast Beach, Seaham, Co Durham, 2018 https://www.klowes.co.uk/tranformation daily 0.75 2025-07-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3a0c3bbd-1301-415a-ab29-8c0ee99f5b0c/snowy-ink-cap-2.gif transformation Snowy Ink Cap (Coprinopsis nivea) This small white mushroom, dusted with a mealy, snow-like coating, grows on dung, especially horse and cow droppings. Beneath the cap, crowded gills fall like the folds of a pleated skirt, darkening from white to black as the spores ripen. It appears overnight and lasts only a day or two before its cap deliquesces into black ink, releasing spores as it dissolves. On restored colliery sites, horses ridden through the reserves leave dung that feeds a community of decomposers, from beetles and bacteria to fungi like this one, recycling nutrients into the food web. Its larger relatives, such as the common ink cap, were once used to make writing ink, said to deter forgers because the spores in it could be seen under a microscope. Coal formed where ancient swamp plants escaped decay. The snowy ink cap is part of the opposite story: decay returning life to ground once shaped by mining. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/33288b08-2e77-4344-9ac8-25cb32a48ffd/mould.gif transformation This branching white network is mycelium, the main body of a fungus. It is made of hyphae, threads far finer than a human hair. Mycelium grows through and across wood, leaf litter and soil, releasing enzymes that break down plant material outside its body, then absorbing the nutrients it releases. The cords act as transport routes, moving water and nutrients across the network. The mushrooms we see are only the fruiting bodies; the mycelium is where most of the fungus's life takes place, usually out of sight. On restored colliery sites, networks like this run through deadwood and soil, decomposing fallen timber and recycling nutrients. Some fungi also form partnerships with tree roots, helping young woodland establish on poor ground. In the darkness of mines, fungal threads growing through timber sometimes made the wood glow, and miners recorded this "glowing wood" as far back as the 18th century. There is an echo of the mines here. Beneath this land, miners once worked through a network of tunnels and roadways to reach the coal. Now another branching network spreads through the ground, not extracting but recycling, turning dead wood back into the living landscape. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/664d0c0c-6a94-4bd4-8523-ac2bdfb70f52/enoki-2.gif transformation Velvet Shank (Flammulina velutipes) This mushroom grows in clusters on dead and dying broadleaf wood, especially willow, elm and ash. Its glossy orange-brown cap is sticky when wet, while its stem is covered in fine velvety hairs, darkening to near-black at the base. Unusually, it fruits through the coldest months, from late autumn to early spring, and can survive being frozen, resuming growth when it thaws. On restored colliery sites, willow is often among the first trees to colonise old spoil. As these trees age and die, velvet shank helps break down their wood, including the tough lignin, returning nutrients to the soil and creating habitat for insects and other wildlife. The pale, long-stemmed enoki mushroom sold in shops was long thought to be a cultivated form of velvet shank, grown in the dark. DNA studies published in 2018 showed that it is in fact a separate, closely related species from East Asia, Flammulina filiformis. Coal is the remains of ancient wood that escaped decay. The velvet shank does the opposite, rotting wood back into the living landscape, bringing a flash of colour to the reserve in the depths of winter. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/5e51a260-5c21-4c36-84ff-034655afc2a0/Yellow-Staghorn.gif transformation Yellow Stagshorn (Calocera viscosa) This bright yellow-orange fungus branches like a small set of antlers, which gives it its common name. It is a jelly fungus, tough and rubbery rather than brittle, and slightly sticky when wet, as its species name, viscosa, suggests. It grows on rotting conifer wood, usually stumps and buried roots, so it often appears to sprout straight from the ground. It fruits mainly from late summer to early winter. Yellow stagshorn is a brown-rot fungus. It breaks down the cellulose in wood but leaves much of the tougher lignin behind as a brown, crumbly residue. This residue breaks down slowly and adds long-lasting organic matter to the soil. Conifers had a direct link to the pits: much of the timber used for pit props was pine and larch, and wartime shortages of pit props helped lead to the founding of the Forestry Commission in 1919. They also tell a more complicated story. When colliery sites were reclaimed, fast-growing conifers were often planted because they could cope with poor, acidic spoil and green the land quickly. Alongside the levelling of spoil heaps and the clearing of pit buildings, they also hid much of the visible evidence of the industry that shaped these places and their communities. Now, rising like small golden antlers from fallen conifer wood, fungi like this one are breaking down the remains of that first planting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/5eb5f5f5-d07f-4cd7-9620-9ffb949f6d21/Crimpgill-%28Plicaturopsis-crispa%29-saprotroph.gif transformation Crimped Gill (Plicaturopsis crispa) This small bracket fungus grows in tiers of fan-shaped caps, each only one to three centimetres across, on dead branches of broadleaf trees, especially birch and beech, as well as hazel and alder. From above, the caps are banded in orange-brown, fading to a pale edge. Underneath, as seen here, there are no true gills, only narrow, wavy folds that branch and crinkle like crimped fabric, which gives the fungus its name. It is one of the first fungi to colonise fallen branches, starting the work of decay by breaking down the wood's tough lignin. After a few years, stronger decomposers such as turkeytail usually take over, continuing the process. Once scarce in Britain, the crimped gill has spread widely in recent decades, with most British records dating from after 2000. On former colliery land, the birch that colonised bare spoil now drops its dead branches, giving this newcomer a place to grow. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/847e1171-5bb6-467e-84bf-cdd0e98871ea/PA131622.gif transformation Slime Mould These glossy white beads are the fruiting bodies, or sporangia, of a slime mould, gathered on damp, decaying wood. Slime moulds are not fungi but amoeba-like organisms. For most of their lives they live hidden in rotting wood and leaf litter as a moving, feeding mass called a plasmodium, grazing on bacteria, yeasts and fungal spores. When food or moisture runs short, they transform into structures like these, which ripen, change colour and release spores into the air. In the deadwood of restored colliery woodlands, slime moulds play a quiet role in the decomposer community, helping regulate the microbes that break down fallen timber. One slime mould, Physarum polycephalum, became famous when researchers found it could solve mazes and form networks resembling the Tokyo rail system, despite having no brain. Here, pearl-white against blackened wood, they recall a landscape where dark ground has given way to new life. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/db184606-e9b4-4d5e-9b5d-32d7638a1c96/Puffball.gif transformation Common Puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum) This pear-shaped fungus is white when young and covered in tiny cone-shaped spines, like scattered pearls, which rub off to leave a net-like pattern. As it matures, it turns brown, its insides become a mass of powdery spores, and a small hole opens at the top. When a raindrop or a passing foot strikes it, a puff of spores bursts out into the air. It feeds on decaying leaf litter and wood, recycling the nutrients locked inside them. It has collected some memorable names, including devil's snuffbox and blindman's bellows. Its genus name, Lycoperdon, comes from the Greek for "wolf" and "to break wind," a nod to its puffs of spores. Coal formed where ancient plants were buried before they could decay, locking their carbon away for millions of years. The puffball is part of the opposite process: by breaking down dead plant material, it returns carbon to the air and nutrients to the soil, keeping the cycle turning. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/61b4f7d8-aac9-4b1f-8ad4-cd5aa2a75773/Candlesnuff.png transformation Candlesnuff Fungus (Xylaria hypoxylon) These slender, often antler-like fingers rise in groups from dead stumps and fallen wood of broadleaf trees, and can be found all year round. Their bases are black and velvety, while the tips are dusted with white powder. This powder is made of asexual spores, released early in the fungus's life. Later, the fingers turn wholly black as a second, sexual stage of spores develops inside. It is one of the most common fungi on dead wood in Britain, helping break down stumps and branches and return their nutrients to the soil. Its name comes from its resemblance to a candle wick that has just been snuffed out, black at the base and white at the tip. That is a fitting image for former colliery land. Early miners worked underground by candlelight, a deadly danger in seams that gave off flammable gas, until safety lamps, including the "Geordie lamp" designed by George Stephenson, made the pits safer. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4d14faa9-58e8-4e38-8462-19607d899249/crimped-gill-diagnonal.gif transformation Oysterling (Crepidotus species) These tiny white caps, most no bigger than a fingernail, grow scattered along dead twigs and small branches, often on the underside. Each is attached at one side, with little or no stem, and is shaped like a small ear or kidney. Beneath the downy white surface, fine gills radiate from the point of attachment, turning from white to clay-brown as their brown spores ripen. The genus name, Crepidotus, is usually explained as "slipper ear," from the shape of the caps. Oysterlings are saprotrophs, feeding on fallen twigs, small branches and plant debris that larger fungi often pass over, and returning their nutrients to the soil. Despite their name, they are not closely related to the larger oyster mushrooms. On former colliery land, maturing woodland now sheds a steady fall of twigs and branches. Easily overlooked, these small fungi are part of the work that turns that fallen wood back into soil. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/59643efb-f2de-43ab-a06b-6c955abe61e8/enoki-1.gif transformation Velvet Shank (Flammulina velutipes) Its scientific name describes it well. Flammulina means “little flame,” for the glowing orange of its caps, and velutipes means “velvet foot,” for the dense, dark hairs that coat the lower stem. Growing in tight clusters, the caps are glossy and slightly sticky in wet weather, while the gills beneath stay pale cream to yellowish, and the stems darken from tawny near the top to almost black at the base. Velvet shank is one of the few mushrooms that grows through winter. Frost does not stop it: a cluster can freeze solid on a January night and simply carry on growing when it thaws. When little else is fruiting, it offers food and shelter to small invertebrates such as fungus gnats and springtails. It is often found on dead elm, and the loss of millions of elms to Dutch elm disease left plenty of the deadwood it thrives on. Although it is edible, it can be confused with the deadly funeral bell, which also grows in clusters on wood, so it should never be picked to eat without expert identification. https://www.klowes.co.uk/giving-page-3 daily 0.75 2024-12-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/d3d73cef-5527-4d90-a353-58c8aa80ce3d/horse+chestnut+card+front.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/93eedfe1-b366-4c1e-a1b6-a3da1d7b51ae/acorn+card+front.jpg https://www.klowes.co.uk/renewal daily 0.75 2025-07-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/9e4707c7-fba0-49ec-867d-6e9e3a0a911e/Common+Spotted+Orchid+%28Dactylorhiza+fuchsii%29.jpg renewal Common Spotted Orchid (Dactylorhiza fuchsii) This orchid's pink to pale lilac flower spikes, marked with darker spots and loops, appear from June to July above leaves usually blotched with dark spots. Its flowers attract bees, flies and other insects, though they offer no nectar. Its genus name, Dactylorhiza, means "finger root," from its tubers, which are divided like fingers. Like all orchids, it depends on fungi. Its dust-like seeds carry almost no food, so they can only germinate with the help of a soil fungus, which feeds the seedling underground for its first years. Carried far on the wind, the seeds readily reach former colliery sites, where thin, low-nutrient soils keep coarse grasses in check. Disturbed industrial ground can suit it better than fertile farmland, and old spoil can hold large numbers. Above the old mine workings, its flowers depend on an unseen network of fungal threads running through the ground. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/1992ed99-988d-4129-a81a-0c95da90d4cd/Creeping+Thistle+Final+%28Cirsium+arvense%29.jpg renewal Creeping Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Often dismissed as a troublesome weed, creeping thistle is a native perennial of disturbed ground, spreading mainly through deep, creeping roots that can form large patches. On farmland it is unwelcome, and it is listed under the Weeds Act 1959, but on nature reserves its value to wildlife is clearer. From July to September, its purple flowers are an excellent source of nectar for bees, butterflies and hoverflies, and its seeds feed goldfinches and other finches in late summer and autumn. The goldfinch's old scientific name, Carduelis, comes from the Latin word for thistle. Its leaves are also a foodplant for the caterpillars of the painted lady butterfly. On former colliery land, it is often managed so it does not dominate grassland, but where it grows, it supports a surprising amount of life. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7c445eb7-6509-480f-a673-496879d166b5/Devil%27s-bit+%28Succisa+pratensis%29.jpg renewal Devil's-bit Scabious (Succisa pratensis) From late summer into autumn, devil's-bit scabious holds up rounded, button-like heads of blue-violet flowers on tall, slender stems. Each head is made of dozens of tiny florets, and the long stamens tipped with pale anthers give it a pincushion look. Flowering late in the year, it is an important source of nectar for bumblebees, hoverflies and butterflies as summer fades. It grows in damp meadows, marshy ground, heaths and woodland rides, usually where the soil is not too rich. It is the main foodplant of the marsh fritillary, one of Britain's most threatened butterflies, whose caterpillars spin silk webs over its leaves. Its name comes from its short root, which ends abruptly as if bitten off. Legend says the devil bit it off in spite, angry at the good the plant did as a medicine. Its scientific name, Succisa, means "cut off," for the same reason, while "scabious" comes from its old use in treating scabies and other skin complaints. On damper reclaimed ground, its late flowers bring a last flush of colour to the grassland before winter. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/5865f803-46d3-43b2-8cb7-045f94725493/Common+Knapweed+%28Centaurea+nigra%29.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/c98fe336-8a57-4c92-aa66-a6f04ed1667e/Bird%27s+Foot+Trefoil+%28Lotus+corniculatus%29.jpg renewal Bird's-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) This low, sprawling native perennial produces small clusters of yellow, pea-like flowers from May to September, often streaked with orange or red, especially in bud. That mix of colours gives it its best-known folk name, "eggs and bacon," one of dozens of local names. Its main name comes from its seed pods, which spread out from the stem like the toes of a bird's foot. Like clover, it belongs to the pea family and hosts bacteria in its root nodules that fix nitrogen from the air. It thrives on thin, dry, low-nutrient ground where taller plants struggle, so it readily colonises old spoil and other brownfield land, adding small amounts of nitrogen as it grows. It is a key foodplant for caterpillars, including those of the common blue butterfly and the six-spot burnet moth. In North East England, it also supports the dingy skipper, a scarce butterfly closely associated with brownfield and former industrial land, where patches of bird's-foot trefoil grow among bare ground. On former colliery sites, this small yellow flower can sustain wildlife that is now rare elsewhere. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/1da1c7f6-a181-4b96-936f-81cf96ef9971/Sales_Granny%27s+bonnet.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/5e31c1be-464a-41c8-8b32-dc74348f9da9/LowesKerry_Seeds_Horsechestnut.jpg renewal Horse Chestnut Seed (Aesculus hippocastanum) Protected through the summer by its spiny green case, the horse chestnut's seed ripens out of sight. In autumn the case splits open to release one or two glossy brown conkers, each with a pale patch where it was attached inside. The horse chestnut is not native to Britain: it was brought from the Balkans around 400 years ago and widely planted in parks, on village greens and along streets, including in many mining towns and villages, where trees have stood through generations of change. Conkers are poisonous to people and many animals, though deer and some other mammals eat them. In recent decades, many trees have been weakened by a leaf-mining moth, which arrived in Britain in 2002 and turns the leaves brown long before autumn, and by a disease called bleeding canker. Conkers are woven into childhood memories across Britain. The first recorded game of conkers was played on the Isle of Wight in 1848. In the autumn of 1917, schoolchildren and Scouts were asked to collect conkers for the war effort. They were used as a source of starch to make acetone, needed for the explosive cordite, and children were paid for every hundredweight they gathered. The conker's year is one of protection and release: sheltered by spines while it grows, then exposed as it falls, vulnerable to frost, animals and passing feet before it can take root. It is a pattern repeated across these post-industrial landscapes, where new life is sheltered until it emerges, and change becomes visible to those who pause to notice. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7c41d841-a81c-4bc9-8eb1-90aaa0c02596/Sales_Red+Clover.jpg renewal Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Each rose-pink flower head of red clover is not a single flower but a dense cluster of tiny florets. Their nectar sits at the bottom of long, narrow tubes, so it is best reached by long-tongued bumblebees, such as the common carder bee and garden bumblebee, which depend heavily on it. Red clover flowers from May to September in grassland, verges and field edges. Like other members of the pea family, red clover forms a partnership with bacteria that live in nodules on its roots. The bacteria take nitrogen from the air and convert it into a form plants can use, enriching the soil. For this reason, clover has long been sown in farm rotations to restore fertility, and it has often been included in seed mixes used to reclaim colliery spoil, where nitrogen is scarce. Red clover has a long history of human use. It was grown as a fodder crop for livestock, and in herbal tradition its dried flowers were used in remedies for coughs. Generations of children pulled out the florets to suck the sweet nectar from their bases. Where miners once took wealth from deep underground, red clover builds it back at the surface, drawing nitrogen from the air into the soil. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3e2875f8-8ad3-40f8-9858-f9a7af679db0/wood+aven+bub.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3ae608a9-7957-4620-a0d7-823d3bd2b2a1/white+clover.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/6f0d2a7e-ab3c-4242-b384-8cb79617fea4/wild+garlic+top.jpg renewal Wild Garlic or Ramsons (Allium ursinum) In spring, wild garlic carpets damp, shady ground with broad, pungent leaves and white, star-like flowers, visited by bees, hoverflies and other insects. Long gathered as a spring food and tonic, it is one of Britain's ancient woodland indicators, plants found mainly in woods that have existed for centuries. Its seeds fall close to the parent plant, so it spreads extremely slowly and rarely reaches new woodland on its own. In County Durham, the place name Ramshaw, near Bishop Auckland, comes from the Old English for wild garlic, hramsa, and in Northumberland it was known as "ramps." In 1597, the herbalist John Gerard recommended its leaves, eaten with butter in spring, for labouring men. Here, with no old woodland nearby, it was most likely brought in by people. It now offers a glimpse of the ancient woodland floor this young woodland may one day become. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/fa5d982c-3b3a-4ece-9c7f-55bea61041a0/wood+violet.jpg renewal Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana) The common dog-violet is Britain's most widespread violet, flowering from April to June on woodland floors, hedgebanks and grassy slopes. Dark lines on its lower petal lead into a pale, hairy throat, guiding bees towards the nectar held in a spur behind the flower. Later in the year, it also produces small flowers that never open and pollinate themselves, a back-up way of setting seed. When its seed capsules ripen, they split and flick the seeds away. Each seed carries a small oily attachment that ants find irresistible, and they carry the seeds back to their nests, spreading the plant further. Its leaves are the main foodplant for the caterpillars of several fritillary butterflies, some of them now scarce. Unlike the sweet violet, it has no scent, and the "dog" in its name was an old way of marking a plant as the poorer relative of a more prized one. On former colliery land, it appears along woodland edges and grassy banks as the ground settles and shade returns. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/e92e9d6c-7962-41c6-bb75-85fc2f1e240c/Toadflax+%28butter+%26+eggs%29.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/6ed6f823-d3ef-4619-9d6f-a02efae5518f/May+blossom.jpg renewal Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) In May, hawthorn covers hedges and scrub in clusters of white blossom, each flower with five petals around a ring of pink-purple anthers. Its old name, the May tree, comes from its flowering time. In autumn the flowers become dark red berries, known as haws, which feed thrushes, blackbirds, and winter visitors such as redwings and fieldfares. Hawthorn supports more than 300 species of insects, and its thorny branches give nesting birds shelter from predators. Hawthorn has shaped the British countryside. During the Enclosure Acts of the 18th and 19th centuries, vast numbers were planted to make stock-proof hedges, and it was known as "quickthorn," from an old word meaning living. Folklore surrounds it: it was thought unlucky to bring the blossom indoors, perhaps because its scent was said to recall death and decay, and lone hawthorns were sometimes left standing as fairy trees. On former colliery land, hawthorn is often planted in new hedges, and birds spread its seeds onto open ground, where it grows into scrub. Over time, that scrub becomes cover and food for wildlife, and a first step towards woodland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ca57274c-4ff5-4509-ac8d-0d7e40a9b6ae/stitchwort+1.jpg renewal Greater Stitchwort (Stellaria holostea) This native wildflower brightens woodland edges and hedgerows from April to June. Each flower has five white petals, split about halfway down, so it appears to have ten. Its genus name, Stellaria, comes from the Latin for "star." The square, brittle stems scramble upwards by leaning on surrounding vegetation, and the flowers are visited by bees, hoverflies and other insects for their nectar and pollen. Its common name comes from its old use as a folk remedy for a "stitch" in the side. Picking it was once said to bring on a thunderstorm, and its seed capsules pop audibly as they ripen, earning it names such as "popguns." On restored colliery sites, greater stitchwort often appears along hedgerows and developing woodland margins, spreading in from surviving hedges and older woodland nearby. Small white stars against dark ground, it marks the slow return of woodland flora to the old pit lands. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/71461277-6e06-463a-9b4b-8eb69489297c/Periwinkle.jpg renewal Periwinkle (Vinca species) In post-industrial woodlands, periwinkle usually arrives as a garden escape, often from dumped garden waste, or through planting. Spreading by rooting stems rather than seed, it tolerates shade well and can form dense mats that suppress native ground flora where it becomes established. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a734f591-0b04-41b2-8671-7b159fc53b36/Red+campion.jpg renewal Red Campion (Silene dioica) Despite its name, red campion's flowers are bright pink. Each has five petals, deeply notched so they can look like ten, with a small white frill at the centre. The plant flowers mainly from May to June, often continuing into autumn, and grows along woodland edges, hedgerows and shady banks. Its flowers are visited by bumblebees, butterflies and hoverflies. Red campion has separate male and female plants, which is what dioica, meaning "two houses," refers to. This flower is male: its stamens, carrying grey-green pollen, can be seen at the centre. Female flowers have five fine styles instead. Red campion also hybridises with white campion, producing flowers in paler shades of pink. In parts of northern England, red campion was known as "mother-and-father-die," and children believed picking it would bring misfortune on their parents. On former colliery land, red campion appears where developing woodland and hedgerows have built richer, shadier soils than the raw spoil left by mining, a sign of how far the ground has come. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/39bf30dc-ba63-47d1-ab60-8e132c5cd16b/Garlic+Mustard.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/369dd681-2a82-44db-8df2-961fba906537/3+cherry+blossoms.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/157797d4-8466-4bd2-bea8-d13d15947c86/Bird+Cherry+%28Prunus+padus%29.jpg renewal Bird Cherry (Prunus padus) In April and May, bird cherry produces long spikes of fragrant white blossom, opening from the base upwards, visited by bees and flies. This native tree grows naturally in damp woodland and along streams, especially in northern and western Britain. Its black cherries, bitter to people, ripen in mid to late summer and are eaten by thrushes, blackbirds and other birds, which spread the seeds. Bird cherry is also the foodplant of the bird-cherry ermine moth. In some years, its caterpillars cover entire trees in shimmering silk webs and strip them of leaves, yet the trees usually recover, growing fresh leaves later in the summer. In northern England and Scotland, bird cherry was known as hagberry, a name probably rooted in the Old Norse word for the tree. Over time, the name became linked with the word "hag," and in north-east Scotland folk belief held that its wood was unlucky and should never be used. Its bitter fruit found a better use, steeped in whisky or brandy to make a liqueur. On former colliery land, bird cherry adds blossom, fruit and food for insects and birds to young woodland, helping turn bare ground into a living landscape. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7eeac57f-3c7a-4525-9ad2-d33e1dd37db2/finl+common+centaury.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/6b2a2c30-7e29-48a4-92e7-580b425769d8/Baby%27s+breath+spiraea.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a0eca6d0-d58c-4106-a80a-ddbacfebb17d/Cornflower.jpg renewal Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) The cornflower takes its name from the cornfields where it once grew, "corn" being the old word for cereal crops. Introduced to Britain in the Iron Age, it spread with grain and became a common weed of arable fields. Its vivid blue flowers produce nectar rich in sugar, visited by bees and other insects, and goldfinches feed on its seeds. It is also known as bachelor's buttons, from its use as a buttonhole flower, and in France the cornflower, or bleuet, is the symbol of remembrance for those who served in war, just as the poppy is in Britain. In the 20th century, cleaner crop seed and the spread of herbicides almost wiped out cornflowers from farmland, and genuinely wild arable populations are now rare. Since the 1980s, though, the cornflower has returned through wildflower seed mixes. Many of the cornflowers seen today, including on former colliery land, come from sowing rather than surviving wild populations. Each brief summer of blue now brings colour and nectar to the reserve's meadows. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/948cb732-859a-40ef-9b95-45686f02c91b/honeysuckle.jpg renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/631477b3-3b6e-47ab-bf1e-f9f6aec199ac/horse+chestnut+blossom-2.png renewal Horse Chestnut Blossom (Aesculus hippocastanum) In May, horse chestnut trees hold up hundreds of upright flower spikes, often called candles. Each spike is made up of many white flowers with frilled petals and long, curving stamens. Look closely and you will see a small coloured patch at the base of the upper petals. On fresh flowers it is yellow, guiding bees to the nectar. Once a flower has been pollinated and its nectar runs low, the patch turns pink and then deep red. Bees see red poorly, so the change steers them towards the flowers that still have something to offer, which helps the tree too. The main visitors are bumblebees and honeybees. The horse chestnut was brought to Britain for this display, and it was widely planted in parks, avenues and village streets, including in many mining towns and villages. Its scientific name, hippocastanum, means "horse chestnut," perhaps from an old belief that its seeds cured horses of coughs, or from the horseshoe-shaped scars its leaves leave on the twigs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/9e5cf2c1-d78f-4008-ab50-2395f629adbe/Bird+cherry.png renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/1aa678f0-1379-4f58-8eb4-593e11e6cbac/apple+blossom.png renewal Apple Blossom (Malus species) In late April and May, apple trees open clusters of white, sometimes pink-flushed flowers, each with five petals around a crown of yellow-tipped stamens. The blossom is an important early source of nectar and pollen for bees, which in turn pollinate the flowers so that fruit can form. In autumn and winter, fallen apples feed blackbirds, thrushes and winter visitors such as fieldfares and redwings. Two kinds of apple grow wild in Britain. The native crab apple has small, sour fruit and has long been used to make jelly and verjuice, a sharp juice used in cooking. Domestic apples also grow wild, often springing up beside paths, roads and railways from discarded cores. Because apples do not grow true from seed, every one of these wildings is a new variety, unlike any apple grown before. On former colliery land, crab apples are often planted in new woodland and hedges, while wilding apples appear along well-used paths, perhaps from cores dropped by walkers, each tree a small, unplanned addition to the landscape. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4e78d5f0-2499-4b7d-b850-dd7fdbf134b2/Yellow+Iris.png renewal Yellow Iris (Iris pseudacorus) The yellow iris, also known as yellow flag or water flag, is a native perennial of wet ground and water margins. On former coal mining sites, it often grows around subsidence pools and waterlogged hollows, where its thick rhizomes help bind soft, wet soils. Its tall, sword-like leaves and bright yellow flowers, which appear from May to July, attract bumblebees and other insects, while dense stands provide shelter for amphibians, birds and other wetland wildlife. Its roots, treated with iron, once made black dye and ink, and it is widely thought to be the flower behind the fleur-de-lis. Alongside reeds, rushes and other marginal plants, it helps turn the flooded legacy of mining into valuable wetland habitat. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a4036586-e3d5-444a-b502-6c5489ebdf69/grass+3.png renewal Cock's-foot (Dactylis glomerata) This common grass, also known as orchard grass, takes its name from its flower head, where the spikelets gather in dense, one-sided clusters that spread like the toes of a bird's foot. Like all grasses, it is wind-pollinated. Here it is in full flower, with purple anthers hanging on fine threads to release pollen into the breeze. Cock's-foot is a coarse, tufted perennial of rough grassland, field edges and disturbed ground, and it readily colonises restored colliery sites. Its caterpillar foodplant role is significant: it is eaten by the larvae of several grassland butterflies, including the meadow brown, gatekeeper, ringlet and speckled wood. Its dense tussocks also give shelter to overwintering beetles, spiders and other invertebrates, as well as cover for small mammals such as voles. On land once stripped bare by mining, tussocks like these help turn rough ground into living grassland, sheltering much of the life that now returns. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/59d8f466-30e7-48d9-8ea6-9f852c545f63/Fragrant+Agrimony+%28Agrimonia+procera%29.png renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/2062d991-61a8-4b37-a620-27083beede92/common+vetch.png renewal Common Vetch (Vicia sativa) Common vetch is a scrambling annual of the pea family, climbing through grasses with tendrils at the tips of its leaves. From spring to late summer, it bears pink-purple pea flowers, singly or in pairs, in the joints of its leaves, visited by bumblebees and other insects. Look closely at the base of each leaf stalk and you may see a small dark spot. This is a nectar gland outside the flower, which attracts ants, and the ants may in turn help protect the plant from grazing insects. Like clover and bird's-foot trefoil, it hosts bacteria in its root nodules that fix nitrogen from the air. It grows readily in rough grassland, verges and disturbed ground, including the grassland that has developed on reclaimed colliery land. Its species name, sativa, means "cultivated." Vetch has been grown since Roman times as fodder for livestock and to improve the soil, and its seeds turn up at archaeological sites across Europe. Some of the vetch growing wild today descends from those old crops. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/8692f160-ac17-4411-866f-981826e84710/field+marsh+orchid.png renewal https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7dc6ce89-00bd-4b51-a444-5727a04f20eb/granny%27s+bonnet_2.png renewal https://www.klowes.co.uk/reclamation daily 0.75 2025-07-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ff096734-07cf-4350-a2d1-bddc0f58f5a5/Lichen+3+test.jpg reclamation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/6d3536c1-5c15-42dd-a2f4-821f6b837359/Lichen+1.jpg reclamation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/0c15f6d0-ff91-4ea2-9b10-d67195c0ab4b/Lichen+2.jpg reclamation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ce6514e0-39b5-4ddd-85d7-f95ad4d3972f/lichen-1-2.jpg reclamation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/934ca9b2-1558-40aa-a435-4154cbb45653/Lichen+Landscape-16.jpg reclamation https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/63b68050-3787-4461-8692-a9c9a2ae89ba/lichen1.gif reclamation https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop daily 0.75 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/cards monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/cards/reclamation-cards monthly 0.5 2025-07-06 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/cards/renewal-cards monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/cards/traces-cards monthly 0.5 2025-07-06 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/cards/transformation-cards monthly 0.5 2025-07-06 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/prints monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/prints/reclamation monthly 0.5 2024-12-05 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/prints/renewal monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/prints/traces monthly 0.5 2025-07-06 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/prints/transformation monthly 0.5 2024-12-05 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/water-mint-mentha-aquatica-1 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ee830c15-647f-4eb5-9a10-5ed25ec829b6/Water+mint.png shop - 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Gorse (Ulex europaeus) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/wood-violet monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/8e648baf-d235-433e-8fa3-44faca82453e/wood+violet.png shop - Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ceabe2c9-ef4c-416b-89e8-af130855980f/Bird+cherry.png shop - Bird Cherry (Prunus padus) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/f02f7932-41e7-4f9b-82d7-dc4cc4a8df6f/blackthorn.png shop - Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4a73a350-7362-4097-bbc5-742419469960/bluebells+%232.png shop - Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/94cc8637-90f3-4ec7-be91-c9eadb42ab6a/enoki+%233.png shop - 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Grass in Flower https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/0f52bba9-0a4e-4a26-8e2f-512186221cab/grass+%232.png shop - Cock's-foot (Dactylis glomerata) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp-8dl3w monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/02f838a0-5eb7-4e42-bc7b-6e2051fcf853/horse+chestnut+blossom.png shop - Horse Chestnut Blossom (Aesculus hippocastanum) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp-8dl3w-jawt4 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/18c041e5-a065-4528-96a4-a71e7e174bdc/vetch.png shop - Common Vetch (Vicia sativa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp-8dl3w-jawt4-xe7ax monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/b22d289a-0f65-417b-a4a9-e9a626b92f3d/yellow+iris.png shop - Yellow Iris (Iris pseudacorus) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp-8dl3w-jawt4-xe7ax-4l7p9 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/8d006012-59d9-47db-93c6-dc9ac5fd2261/crimped+gill.png shop - Crimped Gill (Plicaturopsis crispa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card-1-5sryf-kjwfp-dw7we-gpzef-k55z5-jrrzg-tbzsy-htybp-8dl3w-jawt4-xe7ax-4l7p9-agsmz monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/cc47c3b5-88e2-4db5-bb15-fa0206ea7ee2/Hawthorn+%232.png shop - Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) #2 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/apple-blossom-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/861321b6-a920-4286-8ae9-62d91bba44b9/apple+blossom.png shop - Apple Blossom (Malus species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/agrimony monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/08d34b7c-b06d-4ced-8cc8-0eba73059f0c/Agrimoney.png shop - Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/acorn-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/441aaac8-9a46-4821-8d68-686ff5a07a8f/acorn+card+front.png shop - Oak Acorn (Quercus species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/771310f8-7401-40c1-a720-bfb36d1ac876/horse+chestnut+card+front.png shop - Horse Chestnut Seed (Aesculus hippocastanum) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-x2ydt monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/c8a3e374-c950-4e8a-add5-fee73eb9d85d/Red+Clover+Card.png shop - Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-ht88j monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-5s6ml monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/316fc795-8321-4c67-b1a8-cb27aa21195e/Eyelash+Cup+Card.png shop - Eyelash Fungus (Scutellinia species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/59859327-674c-49bc-b0be-6988f305c036/himalayan+Balsam.png shop - Himalayan Balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/cb9c6c79-028e-4187-b40e-67a5fffbcc7f/3+cherry+blossom.png shop - Cherry Blossoms https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-y25l8 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a9420744-f6b0-4b47-ad23-b22b680f8ba4/Baby%27s+breath+spiraea.png shop - Spiraea https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-y25l8-fe2y2-wcp9b monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/ee641196-a67d-4986-a8f5-c022da2fbb6c/bluebells_square.png shop - Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/f800210c-7519-420b-9836-3885de69cd5a/cherry+blossom.png shop - Cherry Blossom https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/5953d8fe-bb1c-4e8e-99e5-514be72c62cc/Cornflower.png shop - Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/d1940349-ea8c-40e3-b391-e83543416d33/funghi+1.png shop - Bonnet Mushrooms (Mycena species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/c2d88fb5-f8bd-4417-8262-1f61c395433a/honeysuckle.png shop - Honeysuckle/Woodbine (Lonicera periclymenum) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/9c75447c-4f04-4741-8193-0e0e2d0193e2/Lichen+Landscape-16.png shop - Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/2250c7be-969b-440c-a09c-3940e59cc641/lichen-1-2.png shop - Shield Lichen (Parmelia species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/63746b0f-cf4f-49a6-ad27-15817cb1fe1a/May+blossom.png shop - Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7f7772cf-cbcd-4b8d-ba09-6cfcfbcbc071/Periwinkle.png shop - Periwinkle (Vinca species) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4b2ef45e-0ce1-415b-a22b-f6758ad2d73b/Red+campion.png shop - Red Campion (Silene dioica) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3442adde-01a8-4927-bf53-b11a2d78dacd/stitchwort+1.png shop - Greater Stitchwort (Stellaria holostea) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4089ec47-0736-480e-9f50-9cdf326a63b7/Toadflax+%28butter+%26+eggs%29.png shop - Common Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx-z4yka monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/53e5b49a-d8ed-4f12-8fe4-ac2446e522d7/white+clover.png shop - White Clover (Trifolium repens) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx-z4yka-x6mtj monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/83cb03bf-c47b-4b7a-9c8d-4b172f8ed9a6/wild+garlic+top.png shop - Wild Garlic/Ramsons (Allium ursinum) #2 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx-z4yka-x6mtj-ctzd7 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/71c88d04-fa04-4b54-9228-3b3180a701b0/Garlic+Mustard.png shop - Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx-z4yka-x6mtj-ctzd7-ak5z2 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7960661f-3a39-49a0-aa7b-6483df35fa8b/wood+aven+bulb.png shop - Wood Avens (Geum urbanum) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/horse-chestnut-card-f9868-t247s-kbx9y-efd7x-nby28-wmstb-4ws9k-knmbc-cyx3t-8ga9p-2k5r5-a6kya-84htx-z4yka-x6mtj-ctzd7-ak5z2-bl263 monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/40cb7d82-7748-4ed2-9cc1-650a4aa70b04/Centaury.png shop - Common Centaury (Centaurium erythraea) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/lichen-stick-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4edb7c08-9376-4ac9-93ff-1a83ec532d95/lichen+stick+card+front.png shop - Common Orange Lichen, green form (Xanthoria parietina) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/lichen-4-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/d10c0591-27d5-429a-a857-faa2b4f70a48/lichen+4+card+front.png shop - Common Orange Lichen and Hooded Rosette Lichen (Xanthoria parietina and Physcia adscendens) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/lichen-3-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/c936389f-b1dc-4274-8d19-1a0cbc6c0bca/lichen+3+card+front.png shop - Lichen Community on Bark https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/lichen-2-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/f40a35d0-3755-4b96-8718-704becd3c1f1/lichen+2+card+front.png shop - Lichen #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/lichen-1-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/04c96bc5-5aca-4bd8-993e-d02e8bfbe7c7/lichen+1+card+front.png shop - Orange Lichen on Stone https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/yellow-staghorn-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/7b948fef-99b5-40b3-9720-5615a58b8d40/yellow+staghorn+card+front.png shop - Yellow Stagshorn (Calocera viscosa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/common-puffball-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/25d61b81-2e21-4b1d-89f4-0c72019e3f71/puffball+card+front.png shop - Common Puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/enoki-1-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/9b6e5dd7-cdc3-44b0-89f5-e7236177bca1/enoki+1+card+front.png shop - Velvet Shank, (Flammulina velutipes) #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/crimped-gill-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/87783b70-9324-4a05-8e11-771c0eadfdf9/crimped+gill+card+front.png shop - Crimped Gill (Plicaturopsis crispa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/snowy-inkcap-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/93bd61ba-fedf-4e9f-a47e-52c6a13b16ea/snowy+inkcap+card+front.png shop - Snowy Ink Cap (Coprinopsis nivea) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/slime-mould-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/b6af719b-b04e-47b5-99c5-1eb4089a1ee2/slime+mould+card+front.png shop - Slime Mould https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/coral-slime-mould-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a639badf-a23b-4a5f-a16c-a6fd76470be6/coral+slime+mould+card+front.png shop - Coral Slime Mould (Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/enoki-2-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/cb3f3e5e-1711-457f-a03b-8bb5d7315aec/enoki+2+card+front.png shop - Velvet Shank (Flammulina velutipes) #2 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/rock-3-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/8ae9e61d-ae8c-4e7b-9cd9-b1d9d0c7d3bb/rock+3+card+front.png shop - Slag, Rust & Sulphur https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/rock-1-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/4ca68cb4-d671-4b04-8693-4dd253685b31/rock+2+card+front.png shop - Sheen https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/rock-2-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/06901cd6-6d71-4123-b99a-7c2cf624c662/rock+1+card+front.png shop - Iron & Glass https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/old-wounds-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/a0cd5422-7eb8-4365-b97f-1cd00a4f7898/old+wounds+card+front.png shop - Old Wounds https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bark-1-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/6d5e9e28-21db-438f-b5f5-3e01967b770b/bark+3+card+front.png shop - Bark #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/devils-bit-scabious-2-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/3e35fae1-297c-453f-93df-04b6b71c321b/scabious+2+card+front.png shop - Field Scabious (Knautia arvensis) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/knapweed-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/43ca8a7f-129d-4263-9c0e-433361f61bf6/knapweed+card+front.png shop - Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/birds-foot-trefoil-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/47a1d5b7-972a-4040-9cc6-5bedf0348727/birds+foot+trefoil+card+front.png shop - Bird's-foot Trefoil, (Lotus corniculatus) #2 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/bird-cherry-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/93627572-4a76-4a81-bf10-057faf6b1617/bird+cherry+card+front.png shop - Bird Cherry (Prunus padus) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/common-spotted-orchid-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/96683fd7-e892-4eb4-ada5-a50467c04e04/spotted+orchid+card+front.png shop - Common Spotted Orchid (Dactylorhiza fuchsii) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/grannys-bonnet-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/daaf8430-b9cd-4c4a-bbce-31c6e1f99f00/granny%27s+bonnet+front.png shop - Columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris) #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/devils-bit-scabious monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/1189f9da-c676-44e2-a346-491e85f23fd8/Devils+bit+card+front.png shop - Devil's-bit Scabious (Succisa pratensis) https://www.klowes.co.uk/shop/p/wild-garlic-card monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/90b80684-69aa-4c8d-ad2b-c7448e7ebb7a/Wild+Garlic+Card.png shop - Wild Garlic/Ramsons (Allium ursinum) #1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/cca36627-841d-49b0-b424-eb1322225e56/Back+of+Card+-+Alium.png shop - Wild Garlic/Ramsons (Allium ursinum) #1 https://www.klowes.co.uk/projects daily 1.0 2026-10-26 https://www.klowes.co.uk/projects/the-violence-of-forgetting monthly 0.5 2026-10-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/654d4abb7dbd0c67866c7ae3/e6bb1a92-24e6-4cde-a5c8-076370668c77/The+Violence+of+Forgetting+%231.jpg projects - 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